Summary: This chapter explains microorganisms that cannot be seen with naked eyes.
These include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. Some are useful while others cause diseases.
NCERT Questions & Answers
Q1. What are microorganisms?
Microorganisms are tiny living organisms that cannot be seen with naked eyes.
Q2. Name types of microorganisms.
Bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses.
Q3. How are microorganisms useful?
They help in making curd, medicine, and decomposing waste.
Q4. How are microorganisms harmful?
They cause diseases in humans, animals, and plants.
Q5. What are viruses?
Viruses are microscopic organisms that can only reproduce inside a host.
Very Short Answer
1. Microorganisms are → Invisible organisms
2. Seen by → Microscope
3. Good bacteria help in → Digestion
4. Harmful microbes cause → Diseases
5. Virus needs → Host
Short Answer
Why are microbes important?
They help in decomposition, food production, and medicine.
How do microbes spread diseases?
Through air, water, food, and contact.
Long Answer
Explain useful microorganisms
Microorganisms help in making curd, antibiotics, and cleaning environment.
They play an important role in nature.
Explain harmful microorganisms
Some microbes cause diseases like cholera and malaria.
They can spread quickly and affect health.