Biology - Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Understanding Plant Structure: Tissues, Dicot vs Monocot, and Secondary Growth
1. Tissue Systems
| Tissue | Types / Components | Function / Feature |
|---|---|---|
| Meristematic Tissue | Apical, Lateral, Intercalary | Actively dividing cells responsible for plant growth |
| Xylem | Tracheids, Vessels | Transports water and minerals |
| Phloem | Sieve Tubes, Companion Cells | Transports food (sugars) |
2. Important Questions & Answers
Q1. What is meristematic tissue?
Answer: Meristematic tissue consists of actively dividing cells responsible for plant growth.
Q2. Why are xylem and phloem called complex tissues?
Answer: Because they are made up of different types of cells that work together to perform transport functions.
Q3. What is the function of stomata?
Answer: Stomata regulate gas exchange and control transpiration in plants.
Q4. Difference between dicot stem and monocot stem?
Answer: In dicot stems, vascular bundles are arranged in a ring, whereas in monocot stems, they are scattered.
Q5. What is cambium?
Answer: Cambium is a lateral meristem responsible for secondary growth in plants.
Q6. Difference between Spring Wood and Autumn Wood?
Answer: Spring wood is formed during the growing season and has larger cells, while autumn wood is formed later and has smaller, thicker-walled cells.
Q7. Difference between Heartwood and Sapwood?
Answer: Heartwood is the older, hard inner part of the stem, whereas sapwood is the outer part responsible for water conduction.